Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common oral health issue that affects the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is essential to have a good understanding of gum disease, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options to maintain optimal oral health. Moreover, if you identify yourself with any signs and symptoms of gum disease, it is essential to get yourself checked by a dentist in Honolulu, HI.
Causes of Gum Disease
Gum disease is primarily caused by the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. When plaque is not removed through proper oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist. The bacteria in plaque and tartar can lead to inflammation of the gums, causing the early stage of gum disease known as gingivitis. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to a more severe form of gum disease called periodontitis.
Other factors that can contribute to the development of gum disease include smoking, hormonal changes (such as those during pregnancy or menopause), certain medications, genetic predisposition, and systemic diseases like diabetes.
Symptoms of Gum Disease
Recognizing the symptoms of gum disease is crucial for early intervention and treatment. The most common symptoms of gum disease include:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding gums, especially during brushing or flossing
- Receding gums
- Persistent bad breath
- Pain when chewing
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Changes in the way teeth fit together
It’s important to note that in the early stages of gum disease, symptoms may be mild or even non-existent, emphasizing the need for regular dental check-ups to detect any signs of gum disease early on.
Treatment of Gum Disease
The treatment of gum disease depends on the severity of the condition. In the early stages of gum disease (gingivitis), professional dental cleanings and improved at-home oral care practices can often reverse the condition. This includes regular brushing, flossing, and using antimicrobial mouthwash as recommended by your dentist.
For more advanced cases of gum disease (periodontitis), treatments may include:
- Deep cleaning procedures: Scaling and root planing to remove plaque and tartar from below the gum line.
- Medications: Antibiotics or antimicrobial mouth rinses to help control bacteria.
- Surgical procedures: In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged tissues or regenerate lost bone.
